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Origin and Definition

Ayurveda, or Ayurvedic Medicine is a classical traditional medical system that originated in India. Ayurveda roots its origins back to ancient Indian sages who, through observation and contemplation of the laws of nature around them, established some essential rules for longevity and happiness. Ayurveda is part of the ancient Indian tradition known as the Vedas, which means "knowledge" or "scientia in Latin." The Vedas consist of four primary volumes that deal with diverse aspects of life: the Rig Veda, Samaveda, Yajurveda, and Atharveda. Even though there are references to more than 60 recipes described in the Rig Veda, the oldest of the four Vedas, written about 6000 years ago, almost all scholars agree that Ayurveda is an Upa-Veda - a subsidiary - of the Atharva Veda, the most recent of the four Vedas, written between 1200-900 BCE.

Samkhya is one of the 6 principal schools of Indian philosophy attributed to Rishi Kapila. Samkhya philosophy provides a foundation for all levels of manifestation, from subtle to gross. It is dualistic, with opposites creating "tension" to bring about equilibrium in existence. Samkhya originates from samyag akhyate, which means "that which explains the whole." It is an enumerationist philosophy in which nothing remains constant, but everything changes and is dynamic. Samkhya addresses Purusha (consciousness), Prakriti (matter), Buddhi or Mahat (intelligence), and Ahamkara (I-am-ness). Samkyha distinguishes between Purusha, which is fixed and unchanging, and Prakriti, which is ever-changing and dynamic. Purusha is the Transcendental Self or Pure Consciousness that exists eternally and cannot be expressed or explained.

Vata (Air): light, movable, and variable. It regulates the activities of the brain, neurological system, circulatory system, digestive system, defecation, urine, sudation, and all other bodily movements. Though it is very dynamic, it is also the most delicate of all energies. It combines the characteristics of air and space.

Pitta (Fire): This is the energy of transformation; in a split second, one form of matter transforms into another; it is also the energy that drives the universe's alchemical processes. It acts as a bridge between Kapha and Vata.

Kapha (Water): This is the energy of stability; it opposes movement. It blends earth and water components together. The relationship between Earth and water is amazing. Life is created by the interaction of fire, earth, and water. .Cohesion is the energy of kapha.

Panchamahabuta: The Paramanu stage (sub-atomic level) and the subsequent Anu (atom), where matter production starts, are where these "energies" mostly appear. The Five Great Elements, or Panchamahabhuta or Panchtattva, are now interacting to form Tattva, or Padarth (matter). These elements are Kshiti (Earth), Jala (Water), Gagana (Akasha or Ether), Pawaka (Fire), and Samira (Air). Kshiti is the densest of these, and Panchamahabhuta Gagan is the most subdued. As a result, the individual in the broadest sense is created. The combination and permutation of these Panchamahabhuta is the stuff that our senses perceive. The Indian idea lists 84 lakhs (8.4 million species), among them the existence of humans. The person is therefore the "Microcosm" of the "Macrocosm."